Describe the cognitive processes required when preparing for examinations Free Essays

Presentation The point of the current paper was to research and talk about the intellectual procedures engaged with the groundwork for tests. The paper covers the foundation of psychological brain science, talking about the different resources of intellectual preparing. It at that point proceeds to examine the particular resources of consideration and memory, as these were two central systems remembered for the writing when considering the learning and memorisation of data. We will compose a custom paper test on Portray the subjective procedures required while getting ready for assessments or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Conversation about the intellectual procedures associated with consideration and memory is fused in to the paper, and proposals on how understudies can utilize subjective strategies to upgrade the presentation of these psychological procedures while getting ready for tests are subsumed. The paper finishes up with the recommendation that the working memory model as proposed by Baddeley Hitch (1974) is the principle subjective procedure associated with test readiness. The term â€Å"cognition† is gotten from the Latin word â€Å"cognoscere† which when made an interpretation of in to the English language, signifies the significance â€Å"to know†. Consequently, psychological brain research is worried about the logical investigation of human discernment. Procedures, for example, recognition, learning, judgment, dynamic and memory are a portion of the components that comprise as intellectual capacity. The principal point of scientists in the field of intellectual brain science is to set up how people obtain and apply information and data to and from their surroundings (Lu Dosher, 2007). Information through discernment is achieved by method of the five detects where various parts of the data, for example, structure and movement speak to different various highlights of the boosts (Livingstone Hubel, 1988; Ungerleider Mishkin, 1982; Julesz, 1971). The motivation behind learning is to improve the reaction of the person to their condi tion (Kandel, 1976; Estes, 1969). Along these lines, all through the mental writing on intellectual preparing, accentuation has been founded on the impact of related knowledge and procedural information on an individual’s execution (Roediger, 1990). The consideration capacity of the subjective procedure oversees data so the brain works effectively without getting over-burden. This is done through specific preparing, whereby certain snippets of data are chosen for handling. Furthermore, the consideration personnel may likewise deal with the admission of synchronous snippets of data by isolating and dispersing the assets concerned them (Broadbent, 1957; Posner, 1980; Treisman, 1969). The judgment and dynamic staff of intellectual handling is required for the person to adequately play out a willful conduct. The decision that the individual makes might be driven by understood or unequivocal judgment and choice, embroiling that the individual may have a cognizant or oblivious reas on for their choice (von Neumann Morgenstern 1944; Luce, 1959). However, the most evolved part of psychological brain research and the investigation of subjective procedures is the staff of memory. Memory examines place significant accentuation on exploring the strategies in which recollections are gained, put away and recovered. Examination gives sign that the limit of memory is partitioned to perform separate obligations, for example, holding data about nature, methods, abilities and running the working memory instrument (Cowan, 1995; Dosher, 1999). The current paper tries to talk about which subjective procedures are utilized during groundwork for a test, with explicit references to the consideration and memory elements of the cerebrum, as these are the two capacities that go connected at the hip while holding and reviewing data (Cherry, 2014). The fitness to process data specifically through consideration, and hold data in a manner by which is available through the working memory are two basic parts of intellectual limit. While proof shows that consideration assumes little job in the support of data encoded in the memory (Fougnie, 2008), it has been proposed that there are solid connections between the working memory and consideration resources of the psychological brain during the encoding and control procedure of information securing (Cherry 2014; Fougnie, 2008). Hypothetical models of the working memory normally portray a job for consideration. In any case, between these various models, the specific job for consideration has not been conceded to and remains ambiguously indistinct, therefore banters about which handling stage that attentional determination happens (Fougnie, 2008). The most broadly acknowledged model of memory is the Working Memory Model proposed by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974. In this model, consideration is the arbiter between tactile memory and the focal official, where sub capacities, for example, the phonological store and the visuospatial sketch cushion, two transient memory stores, hold momentary sound-related and visual data separately. These are known as the ‘slave systems’ and give proof with regards to how people can perform various tasks. As per the working memory model, the data from these slave frameworks are then moved back to the focal official whereby they are encoded in the drawn out memory (Fougnie, 2008). These discoveries give a diagram to which intellectual procedures happen during test readiness, where understudies endeavor to hold data that they will later on recover. However, further examination proposes that learning and holding data for tests might be a more intricate methodology than those sketched out by memory models (Hill, 2009). Ebbinghaus (1885) researched the technique wherein the maintenance and overlooking of data happen. The foundation of the overlooking bend gave knowledge into how recollections disseminate over some undefined time frame (Groome, Brace, Dewart, Edgar, Edgar, Esgate, Kemp, Pike Stafford, 2006). So also, Bartlett’s Story Recall explore (1932) loaned understanding to the idea that data is required to hold semantic incentive so as to be recollected (Groome, et al., 2006). Along these lines, as per Hill (2009), the best ways for understudies to retain data for their tests is through reiteration, elaboration and association. To additionally expound on the recommendations of Ebbinghaus (1885), Bartlett (1932) and Hill (2009), scientists proposed a few examinations in food. Ebbinghaus (1885) further expressed that so as to abstain from overlooking and improve memory, reiteration was essentially important. Utilizing the ‘mind’s voice’, the phonological circle, the pat tern of learning and precisely reviewing fortifies the memory, accordingly making test arrangement simpler as less time will be required to re-get familiar with the material, henceforth why modifying for tests more than once improves review (Hill, 2009). Also, for Bartlett (1932), it has been discovered that data having semantic worth is reviewed all the more proficiently (Craik Tulving, 1975; Ley, 1978). It might be estimated that the clarification of is reasoned to the consideration capacity of the working memory choosing important data so as to upgrade the individual’s execution dependent on earlier learning and experience. In view of these discoveries, mental aides might be recommended as a successful amendment device, since partner data with striking visual symbolism and words has demonstrated upgraded review (Bower, 1972). Besides, introducing data in an organized way in which importance is passed on has been found to encourage review (Hill, 2009). By gathering or reque sting materials in a sorted out way, the individual will exploit the mind’s existing technique for speaking to data semantically, accordingly making the data simpler to encode and recover through memory. For instance, Ley et al (1978) found that introducing clinical data to patients in a sorted out and organized way improved their review up to 25%. Subsequently, it is proposed that understudies sufficiently sort out their learning materials in a semantic way so as to get ready for their tests in the most creative manner. Despite the fact that the writing has given rich proof to help the thought that the memory and consideration resources assume a significant job in test readiness, there are additionally pertinent restrictions needing tending to. The working memory model has been scrutinized as being invalid, as when new investigations propose discoveries that don't fit with the current working memory model, the working memory model is altered so as to suit the new discoveries. This makes it hard to adulterate the model or supplant it with another one, and demonstrates that any examination discoveries dependent on the working memory model are void (Neath Nairne , 1995). Besides, the discoveries of Ebbinghaus (1885) have been addressed, as the subject of his investigation was himself. With no goal discoveries, specialists accept the consequences of the overlooking bend to be problematic (Hill, 2009). In spite of these reactions, later examination dependent on both the working memory model and the overl ooking bend has effectively revealed new discoveries on the subjective procedures engaged with memory (Groome, et al., 2006). Taking everything into account, the discoveries in the writing have loaned sufficient help to the idea that test planning intensely depends on the subjective procedures of consideration and memory. The writing has demonstrated that these two resources work conjointly so as to accomplish long haul memory. Studies on the Working Memory Model have distinguished the particular jobs of the two subjective procedures, and the writing has offered further help on how the functioning memory model is essential in test modification through nitty gritty portrayals of these capacities. Studies on memory maintenance and overlooking have involved that reiteration, elaboration and association are the key

Popular College Application Essay Topics

Popular College Application Essay TopicsCollege admission essay topics can help you immensely. Not all the topics are good for a college admission essay. There are some topics that require too much research and other topics that can be done easily with basic information. This article is going to give you some tips for writing a college application essay.One of the more common college application essays is 'Why I want to go to college'. This is one of the most popular college application essays. It needs to have a really good and detailed reason why the applicant wants to attend college. Good topics for this topic include; because it's what I love to do, because I want to know more about the world, I'm looking for a better job, or because I want to study something that interests me.The major point of an essay is to let the reader know about your thoughts and ideas. So, you should be able to tell from the first paragraph of your college application essay why you are writing it. That sh ould be something that is very clear and is a good reason for why you want to apply to college.In addition to stating your main reason for applying, you should be able to get in a little more detail about it. That can be done by using specific examples. After you get your reader in a good place about why you are applying, you can move on to the essay's conclusion.Some people do not like writing the college application essay because they feel it's too long. This is probably not true. The time involved is not as big as it may seem. It depends on how complex or detailed the essay is.It's really important that you write the college application essay as if you were writing a speech. It should flow well. You should feel comfortable writing your own essay even if you haven't written an essay before. Try to be yourself.When you start writing, it's a good idea to write down what you would like to accomplish. The next step is to come up with a topic. Then you need to write about it in a parag raph or two. The rest of the essay can follow this outline.After you've read the basics of a college application essay, you will find that the more detail you can get into the essay, the better it will turn out. Some topics require lots of research, so don't get upset if it seems too much work for you. You will get better at writing them as you go along.

How to Recognize Symptoms of Depression

How to Recognize Symptoms of Depression Bipolar Disorder Symptoms Depression Print How to Recognize Symptoms of Depression By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Updated on February 22, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids K-King Photography Media Co. Ltd / Digital Vision / Getty Images If you or someone you know has unipolar or bipolar depression, you need to recognize the symptoms of depression and contact a doctor if they continue or grow more serious. Warning Signs If you start having trouble getting to sleep or staying asleep, keep a record and watch for other symptoms of depression.Be on the alert if someone starts sleeping excessively. Seriously depressed persons can sleep as much as 20 hours a day in some cases.Be concerned if someone begins canceling social engagements and staring at television programs he otherwise wouldnt watch.Notice if mail is piling up unopened or other common tasks such as laundry, taking out garbage, etc., are not being done.Marked change in appetite (increase or decrease), or significant weight gain or loss, can signify many conditions, including depression; consider it in light of other depressive episode symptoms.Keep track of episodes of unexplained and uncontrolled crying.Document feelings of sadness, guilt, worthlessness or despair that last most or all day for several days.Be alert if you or your loved one exhibits signs of unusual worry, anger, negativity, helplessness or hopelessness.Pay attention if you or a loved one begins to have difficulty making even simple decisions. This is one of the very common symptoms of depression.Be sensitive to behavioral changes such as disorganization, inability to concentrate, or indifference to everyday necessary tasks.Notice if actions and thoughts seem to be slowing down (psychomotor retardation) or speeding up jerkily (psychomotor agitation).Watch your loved one for physical symptoms of depression such as slumped posture, frowning, decreased eye contact, frequent sighing, inattentive speech, or decreased sexual desires.If symptoms of depression appear after a change in medication, contact the prescribing doctor promptly.Contact the doctor quickly if you experience or someone reports recurrent thoughts of death and suicide. If you are having suicidal thoughts, contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 for support and assistance from a trained counselor. If you or a loved one are in immediate danger, call 911. A Word From Verywell Symptoms of depression can creep up slowly or descend quickly. If slowly, it can be harder to notice, especially in yourself. Get in the habit of observing yourself if you have depressive episodes. Make a pact with your friend or loved one that if one of you sees a group of symptoms of depression in the other, the affected person will take appropriate action such as contacting a doctor. Or make a pact with yourself. This is not an exhaustive list of symptoms of depression. You will encounter more through observation and reading. Add more red flags to your or your loved ones personal list of depression symptoms as you spot them! Get Help With the 7 Best Online Resources for Depression

Sin and Personal Growth in The Scarlet Letter Essay

The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne and was first published in 1850. Hawthorne’s purpose for The Scarlet Letter was to show how anybody can sin, and that sin should be used as an example to learn from. Hawthorne also made clear that good can come from sin and that sin can help a person grow. Hester Prynne is the main character of the book. She is still young when she has her child, Pearl. She is a strong and determined, and uses her past sin, and the â€Å"A† as something to learn from rather than something to be ashamed of. After the shame of getting the â€Å"A,† she moved into the outskirts of town and became a seamstress. The way she was able to move on from her sin and continue her life, even after being scorned and†¦show more content†¦He is known by several different names in the book, two of which are, â€Å"the leech,† and â€Å"the stranger.† He is known at first as â€Å"the stranger† because he shows up unexpectedly, and the Puritans do not know him. The name â€Å"the stranger† is also used to make him seem untrustworthy and possibly dangerous. After being called â€Å"the stranger,† he becomes known as â€Å"the leech.† In those times, doctors used leeches to suck out blood that was thought to be infected, with the intention of curing someone with a disease. Chillingworth being called a leech contrasts this because he sucks out the life out of Dimmesdale in order to take revenge on him for helping Hester to be unfaithful. Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale is an intelligent and emotional man who moved from England to Boston. He is Hester’s lover and Pearl’s father, although they are the only ones who know it. He is deeply convicted by the fact that Hester has to deal with public shame every day while he is almost worshiped despite the same sin. He is a great speaker and he convicts many hearts with his sermons, which, towards the end of the book, mainly concern sin and its power over the heart. He eventually becomes sick with his own hypocrisy. He has constant thoughts and dreams of confessing his sin to everyone, although he never does until rightShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1153 Words   |  5 Pages i. 1. The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a romantic novel that takes place in sixteenth century Boston, Massachusetts. 2. As a romantic novel, it focuses on the various relationships between the characters and the drastic experiences caused by the scarlet letter between the four main characters being Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingsworth, and Pearl Prynne, with the condemnation of the Puritan society 3. The unknown narrator follows the novel’s main antagonistRead MoreThe Importance Of Human Punishment In Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter1380 Words   |  6 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter explores how the human condition and sin clash. 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This leads to her thinking more boldly about society and herself. â€Å"The scarlet letter was her passportRead MoreSocietys Sin In The Scarlet Letter1226 Words   |  5 Pages Society’s Sin In Hawthorne’s romantic novel The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses symbolism, contrasting, romantic imagery, and individual characterization to argue that sin can and should be forgiven despite the misguided ideals of society. By using symbolism to convey his argument in his novel, Hawthorne adds nuanced meaning to his argument. Notably, the letter A, the most prominent symbol in the book which originally meant to symbolize adultery, is ambiguous in many ways in order to give theRead MoreGreat Gatsby Scarlet Letter Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesJason Bello AP English March 22, 2000 The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald are two novels, which address similar themes with completely opposite resolves. The authors use their main characters, Hester, Dimmesdale, Gatsby, and Daisy, in their respective works to present these themes. The action in both novels revolves around unfaithfulness, its effects on the characters, and the results of committing adultery, which prove to be antipode fromRead More Adultery in Great Gatsby Scarlet Letter Essay688 Words   |  3 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald are two novels, which address similar themes with completely opposite resolves. The authors use their main characters, Hester, Dimmesdale, Gatsby, and Daisy, in their respective works to present these themes. The action in both novels revolves around unfaithfulness, its effects on the characters, and the results of committing adultery, which prove to be antipode from one novel to the other. These antithesesRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1573 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess of living and learning. 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Unfortunately, not everyone can act as a perfect person, and mistakes or problems can occur, which leads to the isolationRead MoreA Personal Application : Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter2894 Words   |  12 PagesA Personal Application: Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Personal Application The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story novel that has many dynamic characters and subplots that surface throughout the tale. There are numerous morals and ethics that can be taken from each section of the story and turned around to be applied to one’s life. From the point of view as a reader, The Scarlet Letter is rich in entertainment and demands one’s attentiveness at all times. Throughout the

Benefits Of Economic Globalization On South Africa Essay

GVPT200-Essay II South Africa has reaped the benefits of economic globalization first hand as it has emerged to become a major economic power in Africa, especially in recent years. This country has been infamously plagued by apartheid, an inhumane policy of segregation based on grounds of race, which also had economic consequences as trade sanctions were established in 1986 by the United States in response to South Africa’s policy of apartheid. However, apartheid ended in the 1990s and the South African Development Community was created in 1992 in order to promote economic development through free trade zones in other regions in Africa. South Africa also signed free trade agreements with other regions, including Europe. I am interested in analyzing South Africa from 1991 when severe trade sanctions imposed against South Africa were repealed by the United States to 2010 when South Africa became part of the esteemed BRICS countries, a major indication of global economic success. The indepe ndent variable is therefore economic globalization, stimulated by the rescinding of the punitive trade sanctions by the United States in 1991, while the dependent variable is whether South Africa has done better or worse since 1991 when it became more connected to the global economy. The indicators for the independent variable are the number of level of trade barriers, the repeal of Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act, openness to free trade and free trade agreements, exports, andShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects of Globalization on South Africa Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pages Globalisation refers to the process of the integration of economic, political, social and cultural relations among people, companies and governments of different nations and countries. It is a process aimed improving international movement of goods, services, labour and capital. This process also has a direct impact on the environment, culture, political systems, economic development and prosperity, and a human physical wellbeing of societies in the world. Read MoreThe Effects of Globalization1678 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Globalization Globalization involves shrinking or reduction of the world as well as an increased consciousness in regards to the world as a whole. Globalization is a term which is used in the description of changes in societies and the economy of the world which results in a dramatic increase in investment, cross border trade s well as cultural exchange. Globalization is dominated by nation states, economies of national and the cultural identities of nations. Globalization creates anRead More British Imperialism Essay1516 Words   |  7 PagesBritish Imperialism In many respects, the Boer War resembles the struggle toward globalization a century later that Friedman describes in The Lexus and the Olive Tree. The British, with their more advanced industry and technology, attempted to pull the Boer Republics away from the Olive tree and into the new global economy, golden straightjacket and all. The British Empire had much at stake in the conflict, and eventually achieved its main goals. It protected its holding at Cape Town, whichRead MoreU.s. National Security Strategy1472 Words   |  6 Pagesinternational order is shaped constitutionally, or is â€Å"rule-based.† Globalization has made states and individuals increasingly interdependent and interconnected. Globalization is an â€Å"umbrella term† used to describe the interconnectedness, integration, and transcontinental interdependence of people and states; it occurs on several dimensions: economic, political, security, and social/cultural. Constructivism best explains how globalization spreads cultural norms, values, and interests resulting in constitutionalRead MoreUuhujsdkkd1008 Words   |  5 PagesLouise Gonzales Legacies of Historical Globalization – Hand In Assignments 1) How does the map on p.144 of Exploring Globalization demonstrate the spread of historical globalization and colonial influence? Explain using examples. The map demonstrates the spread of historical globalization and colonial influence because it represents the European Imperialism and Europe’s scramble for empire. European Imperialism contributed to the spread of science, religion, philosophyRead MoreAmbassadors in Pinstripes Essays826 Words   |  4 Pagesindustries seeking to establish abroad relations. Sports participation also provides a common ground and is a way to unite without discrimination, such as the warring people of South Africa during the Apartheid. 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When you really think about that number you realize how bigRead MoreEssay about South African Investment1083 Words   |  5 PagesA South African Investment Shanquetta Dupree PHI 445 Instructor: Whitfield May 17, 2011 In your judgment, were the possible utilitarian benefits of building the Caltex plant in 1977 more important than the possible violations of moral rights and of justice that may be involved? Justify your answer fully by identifying the possible benefits and the possible violations of rights and justice that you may be associated with the building of the plant and explaining which you think are more importantRead MoreGlobalisation in the Global South Social Policy1500 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalisation in the Global South Social Policy The recurrent issues on the real effects of globalization to the creation of social policies in Global South countries continue to fuel various debates in political, sociological and economic arena, as its influence in the social sector grows extensively. These issues provoke attacks claiming that globalisation only protects the welfare of Western countries and continue to take advantage of those in the Global South. It is almost always thought toRead MoreThe Global Divide Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is globalization? It can be simply defined as worldwide integration and development, but if asked to be defined by the world’s citizens it’s simply referred to as conflict. As you continue to read further, you will see how globalization and the north- south global divide play a key role in our nation’s economy. From the wars on European soil and increasing poverty in Africa, to the booming technological abilities in Japan, this one word will be an understa tement to all things to come. I’ll explain

Capital Punishment Essay - 1032 Words

Capital Punishment During the past three decades capital punishment has been a very controversial issue in the United States. 1972 the U.S. Supreme Court decided in Furman v. Georgia that the death penalty was unconstitutional because it was a form of cruel and unusual punishment. However, this decision did not last long; in July 1975 the Supreme Court ruled that capital punishment did not violate any parts of the Constitution. Executions as they had before 1972 resumed again. Since then 180 prisoners have been executed. The United States Supreme Court should abolish the death penalty because it is a form of cruel and unusual punishment. One of the major arguments of the anti-capital punishment movement is that it goes†¦show more content†¦Evans was given three charges of electrocution over a period of fourteen minutes. After the first and second charges Mr. Evans was still conscious and smoke was coming from all over his body as a result of his flesh burning. An official there even tried to stop the execution on account of it being cruel and unusual punishment, but was unsuccessful. Witnesses later called the whole incident a barbaric ritual. Another method of execution is the gas chamber; with this procedure a prisoner is put in a closed chamber and forced to inhale lethal fumes from a sulfuric acid and cyanide chemical reaction. According to a dissent by U.S. Supreme Court justice John Paul Stevens concerning the 1992 execution of Don Harding, there did not seem to be any civilized aspect of the gas chamber method of executing prisoners. According to the report at first Harding tried to hold his breath in side the chamber, but was unsuccessful; when he finally inhaled some of the fumes his body started convulsing and the muscles and veins under his skin were twitching in a wavelike motion. This execution took over eight minutes to complete and Mr. Harding was writhing in pain for most of that time. According to officials at the scene Harding did not fall unconscious until right before his death (Bedau). The latest method of executing prisoners on death roll has been lethal injection. It is deemed not barbaric by many people because of the fact that it does not cause struggles or maim theShow MoreRelated Capital Punishment1099 Words   |  5 Pages Capital Punishment Murder, a common occurrence in American society, is thought of as a horrible, reprehensible atrocity. Why then, is it thought of differently when the state government arranges and executes a human being, the very definition of premeditated murder? Capital punishment has been reviewed and studied for many years, exposing several inequities and weaknesses, showing the need for the death penalty to be abolished. Upon examination, one finds capital punishment to be economically weakRead MoreCapital Punishment1137 Words   |  5 Pagescorresponding punishments. Among all penalties, capital punishment is considered to be the most severe and cruelest one which takes away criminal’s most valuable right in the world, that is, right to live. It is a heated debate for centuries whether capital punishment should be completely abolished world widely. The world seems to have mixed opinion regarding this issue. According to Amnesty International (2010), currently, 97 countries in the world have already abolished capital punishment while onlyRead MoreCapital Punishment1786 Words   |  8 PagesCapital Punishment Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the toughest form of punishment enforced today in the United States. According to the online Webster dictionary, capital punishment is defined as â€Å"the judicially ordered execution of a prisoner as a punishment for a serious crime, often called a capital offence or a capital crime† (1). In those jurisdictions that practice capital punishment, its use is usually restricted to a small number of criminal offences, principallyRead MoreCapital Punishment1276 Words   |  6 Pagesbroken to get the death penalty, increased murder rates and wrongful accusations. There are many different views of the death penalty. Many different religions have their own views of the death penalty. In Hinduism, if the king does not inflict punishment on those worthy to be punished the stronger would roast the weaker like fish on a spit. In the religion of Jainism, mostly all of their followers are abolitionists of the death penalty which means that they oppose of it. Infact, this religionRead More Capital Punishment1898 Words   |  8 PagesCapital Punishment Imagine your heart suddenly beginning to race as you hear a judge give you a death sentence and then you’re quickly carried away in chains as your family sobs as they realize that they will no longer be able to see you. As you sit in your cell you begin to look back at your life and try to see where you went wrong to end up in jail waiting to carry out a death sentence, and at the same time know that you are an innocent waiting to be heard. This same scenario repeatsRead More Capital Punishment Essay: Retain Capital Punishment?696 Words   |  3 PagesCapital Punishment - Retain or Not?      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay tangles with the question of whether or not we should retain the death penalty within the American code of penal law.    There is a feeling of frustration and horror that we experience at the senseless and brutal crimes that too frequently disrupt the harmony of society. There is pain which accompanies the heartfelt sympathy that we extend to the victims families who, in their time of suffering, are in need of the support and compassionRead MoreCapital Punishment2506 Words   |  11 PagesCapital Punishment and the Death Penalty Capital punishment exist in today’s society as citizens of the United States should we have the right to take an individual life. As illustrated throughout numerous of studies the death penalty is an unfair process seven out of ten deaths handed down by the state courts from 1973 to 1995 were overturned when appeal and the seven percent were later found to be innocent. Such as the Dobie Williams case which took place July 8, 1984. DobieRead MoreCapital Punishment Is A Legal Punishment1116 Words   |  5 Pageswhat the big deal about Capital Punishment is? According to free dictionary, Capital Punishment is to put to death as a legal punishment (Farlax). Capital Punishment is used worldwide, and is guaranteed to prevent future crime. Capital Punishment is a large controversy in the U.S. but before a personal opinion can be formed, some facts need to be known, such as what it is, where it is used and why it could be good or bad. Well, what is Capital Punishment? Capital Punishment is where a person is executedRead MoreCapital Punishment Is The Ultimate Punishment1704 Words   |  7 Pageswhat would you want from the government if he had killed someone you know? He should receive the capital punishment. The capital punishment is the ultimate punishment given to the precarious crimes. It is the last stage of capital punishment. There are different methods of like hanging, electric chair, lethal injection, firing squad, gas chamber. Murderers and rapist should be given extreme punishment, and they have to pay for their wrongdoing. We can observe crime rates are accelerating day-by-dayRead MoreCapital Punishment And Juvenile Punishment1631 Words   |  7 Pages Capital punishment is the term used when an individual is put to death by the state or government for the commission of a crime. Until recently, juveniles were not exempt from this punishment, however they would generally need to commit a more serious offense compared to their adult counterpart. Then there was the decision ruling the execution of mentally handicapped individuals was unconstitutional, using the 8th amendment as their authority, while taking into account the diminished capacity of

Understanding The Marketing and Financial Practices of Any Organizatio

Question: Write an essay on Understanding the Marketing and Financial Practices? Answer: Introduction Marketing is the process of flowing goods and services from producer to customer. Marketing management is concerned to identify and anticipate the customers need. According to that goods are produced and services are rendered for maximum satisfaction. Finance is the backbone or life-blood of an organization. Financial management is the process of acquiring, allocation and management of fumed to achieve the organizational goal. Some firms deal with manufacturing capacities to produce goods and some firms deal with services. The goods and services are sold to earn profit. So, funds should be raised to acquire manufacturing and other facilities. This study includes the understanding of marketing and financial practices and the various areas of those. Understanding Marketing Practices There are some requirements which help to achieve the organizational goal such as distinctive high quality product and service, reasonable price of the product and service, applying of modern technologies and systems, etc. Company should have a clear vision to maintain those important elements. It has examined by the researchers that there are various factors which influence the long-term of the organization. In the middle of 1970s, it was started to realize by the sociologists that traditional model was not so enough to help in understanding the large variances between goals and outcomes. Most of the models are incorporated structure, people and systems (Pride and Ferrell, 2010). Culture is fully unique component that influences the function of the organization. In Marketing Management, the concept of organizational culture is very important. In general, marketing gives focus mainly to the consumers than the organizational issues. According to the marketing management, the study of culture basically deals with the understanding of behavior of consumer, defining of culture and sub-cultures in marketing segment and cross-cultural comparison of international markets (Kotler and Keller, 2009). But, several scholars have already started to focus on the impact of organizational culture in the process of marketing management for managerial effectiveness. Contemporary Marketing Practices There are two types marketing model in marketing management such as transaction cost and relationship marketing. Relationship marketing creates more value because it helps in placing the value on establishing the long-term business relationships. Due to globalization, building new partnership and managing of a network of relationships become more important part in strategic plan. There are three aspects which are related to relationship marketing issue. The major aspect develops a relationship element to the traditional form of marketing management concept. The second aspect recommends to marketing change the transactional form of marketing into relational form of marketing. The third aspect is to create relationship between transactional marketing and relational marketing which would help in create right mix of both of the marketing approach (Bovee Thill, 2013). In the present marketing scenario, CMP (Contemporary Marketing) group suggests a new paradigm. The limitations of above three aspects of relationship marketing are recognized by contemporary marketing practices group. The CMP groups find out the impact of various factor of environment. According to the contemporary marketing practices, both transactional and relational marketing may be applied together. As said by Batory et al. (2005), there are three dimensions of relationship marketing: Interaction marketing, Network marketing and Database marketing. In 1997, the classification was modified. There were two aspects: Transactional exchange and Relational exchange. According to those two aspects, marketing are classified into four distinctive types: Transaction Marketing, Database Marketing, Interaction Marking and Network Marketing. Transaction Marketing According to Gittens and Pilgrim (2013), transaction marketing helps on economic transaction. However, according to the transactional exchange is able to categorized. Firm and the buyers are two parties who are involved in general market. In market, the communication is mainly occur inters of transact the exchange. The contact is impersonal. The relationship is discrete in nature. The balance of Passive buyers and active seller helps in balancing the power description. It focuses on satisfying and attracting the potential buyers through managing as well as controlling the element of market like marketing mix (Kerin et al. 2011). Database Marketing Database marketing creates focus on information and economic transaction. In a specific target market, the parties are a firm and buyers. Flow of communication occurs from individual to firm. In order to expand the marketing, database is more important rather than other thing. The relationship is over both time and separate during the time of database marketing. However, it is formal relationship but the communication occurs through the application of technology. Berk and DeMarzo (2011) argued that the passive buyers and active seller described the balance of power. Various type of tools and techniques of information management are used to develop and control the exchanges with the customer and organization for long term (Gittens and Pilgrim, 2013). Interaction Marketing Bonham and Langdon (2009) suggesed that interaction marketing has an interactive relationship between a buyer and seller. Both individual buyers and sellers are active and communication occurs individual to individual across the firms. It is continuous and ongoing in terms of duration (short or long term). The nature of exchanges may be formal or informal. Both mutually active buyer and seller describe the balance of power. Therefore, it is interdependent in nature. Face to face interaction is observed in interaction marketing. Network Marketing Network marketing refers to the relationships between organizations. There are not only two parties in network marketing. Multiple parties are involved such as buyers, the seller and other organizations. Flow of communication occurs from one organization to another organization involving individuals. The range of contact may be from interpersonal to impersonal and distant to close. The nature of exchanges may be formal or informal. All active and adaptive firms describe the balance of power. Understanding Financial Practices There are three important activities in a firm: Production, Marketing and Finance. Firm raises the required amount of capital and utilizes it in activities which give a return on the invested fund. The main difference between accounting and finance is that Finance helps in financial decision-making process. There are three major areas of financial decisions in the function of financial management: investment decision, financing decision and dividend decision (Berk and DeMarzo, 2011). Investment decision Investment decisions include determination of capital required for the firm and allocation of that fund to earn the benefits in term of cash. Financing decision Financing decision is the second important function of financial decision. The decision is taken regarding where from and how to finance and determination of proportion equity and debt. Dividend decision The managers decide how much profits should be distributed and kept as retain Financial Operating Activities There are various financial activities in financial management which are described below Financial Planning Financial planning identify the kind of resources are required to acquire and develop the resources to accomplish the organizational goal. Budgeting and Managing a Budget Budget helps to draw the figure of expected expenses and earnings over a period of time. The expenses and earnings are categorized according to the business activities. Budget is very useful to keep tracking the operating activities according to the plan. Managing Cash Flow For a new business, it is very difficult to manage the cash flow. Cash flow statement is the most important financial statement. The overall objective of managing cash flow is to meet the short-term liabilities of the firm. Cash flow statement refers to the difference between total cash received and total cash spent. Credit Collection It is very difficult to take decision regarding the credit term to customer or clients. If a company gives more credit period to its customer and side by side gets short credit from suppliers, it is very difficult to meet the short-term solvency. Budget Deviation Analysis Budget deviation analysis helps to detect the how well company is tracking the plan, how much to budget accurately in the future and where problems can be raised in spending. Financial Statement and Analysis Financial statements make understand the current and future position of the business. There are two types of statements: Profit loss Account and balance Sheet. Profit loss Account shows the overall status of profit or loss by adjusting the all incomes and expenses over the periods of time. Balance sheet shows the total liability and total assets position of the company (Bonham and Langdon, 2009). Conclusion Thus to conclude, it can be said that financial analysis explains the performance of the business, whereas evaluation of marketing practice helps business organization to adopt long-term strategy and implementation of such strategies to attain its objectives. Both the practices supports business organization to find out weak area of the organization and measurable actions are taken on that to overcome the situation and to achieve the organizational goal. Reference List Batory, SS, William, N and Heineman, A 2005, 'Ethical marketing practices: An investigation of antecedents, innovativeness and business performance',Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge,vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 135-42. Bovee, CL and Thill, JV 2013, 'The art and science of marketing', inBusiness in action,6th edn, Pearson, Upper Saddle River, pp. 290-313. Bovee, CL and Thill, JV 2013, 'The art and science of marketing', inBusiness in action,6th edn, Pearson, Upper Saddle River, pp. 290-313. Bovee, CL and Thill, JV 2013, 'Financial information and accounting concepts', inBusiness in action,6th edn, Pearson, Upper Saddle River, pp. 390-413. Gittens, D and Pilgrim, S 2013, 'Foreign direct investment and human capital: a dynamic paradox for developing countries',Journal of Finance, Accounting and Management,vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 26-49. Pride, W. and Ferrell, O. (2010).Marketing. Australia: South Western Cengage Learning. Kotler, P. and Keller, K. (2009).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kerin, R., Hartley, S. and Rudelius, W. (2011).Marketing. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Bank, W. (2010).Global Development Finance 2010. Washington: World Bank. Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2011).Corporate finance. Boston, MA: Prentice Hall. Bonham, A. and Langdon, K. (2009).Finance. Harlow, England: FT Prentice Hall.